Executive Summary

Determining the effectiveness of these frameworks is challenging due to diverse goals and methods, and a lack of consensus on what effectiveness means.

Different frameworks focus on various levels of change—from organizational structures to individual practices—and employ multiple strategies, including education and governance reforms.

This variability leads to confusion and makes it hard to measure or compare the effectiveness of any single framework or set of frameworks. 

To address these issues, this paper proposes a conceptual framework to clearly define and evaluate the effectiveness of AI ethics initiative, outlining specific ethical aims, the activities designed to achieve these aims, and how they are interconnected.